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By Patricia Holland
Prison toilets are made from stainless steel. They are designed to withstand between 2,000 and 5,000 pounds of force, so they are very difficult for disturbed inmates to vandalize. Bradley security fixtures feature a number of anti ligature attributes as well, including all welded designs, rounded edges, and the absence of protrusions that could be broken off to make weapons.
Security toilets can be mounted one of two ways. Chase mounting requires the unit to be bracketed to the wall. It is considered the most secure method of installing prison plumbing fixtures when maximum security requirements are in effect. Front mounting involves bolting the fixture to the wall or the floor and is more appropriate for minimum and medium security requirements.
All toilets must be designed to be overflow resistant. Different flushing mechanisms are also recommended for different security levels. In maximum security situations, toilets must be able to flush large pieces of debris that disturbed inmates may use to block toilet plumbing. When security requirements are less stringent, this extreme design feature may not be necessary.
Blowout prison toilets feature jet action for positive flush. They are preferred in maximum security prisons, and also in a number of county jails, where the threat of vandalism is high. Inmates have, on many occasions, blocked toilets for the purpose of flooding cell blocks.
Blowout flush functionality prevents this type of mischief by building a toilet with a large trapway diameter that allows large pieces of debris to be instantly passed out of the toilet bowl into the sewer. They are noisy, but also more sanitary, due to their near instant flush capability that leaves little, if any, residue behind.
Blowout toilets are typically chase mounted, which means they are bracketed to the wall. This is not only a more secure way to mount security fixtures, but is also allows for a more thorough cleaning of cell floors because the majority of the toilet is above the floor.
In detention centers where the possibility of vandalism is not as severe, siphon jet prison toilets can be used. Siphon jets use a jet of water at the front of the toilet to help expel refuse more quickly than gravity fed toilets.
The ones used in prisons have toilet traps large enough to pass smaller objects that would otherwise clog the plumbing system. These commodes have performed effectively in staff supervised public areas and minimum security prisons where low risk inmates have been determined to have little or no motivation to vandalism prison plumbing fixtures.
There are also prison toilets that are primarily for use in detoxification cells, safety cells with padded walls, and isolation units. These units are called in-floor toilets because they install directly into the floor.
It is also recommended that, when budget allows, architects consider installing water closet design prison toilets that feature lavatory toilet combinations. These units provide full accommodation to inmates, are highly secure and stable, and save on space by combining all amenities into a single fixture.
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